论知贡举对唐德宗时科举考试的影响——以吕渭为例

Influence of Chief Examiner on Imperial Competitive Examination in the Period of Tangdezong ——Taking Lv Wei for example

科举考试作为一种选拔人才的制度,从开元二十四年改由礼部负责,知贡举对科举考试题目的拟定及考生的录取具有一定的导向作用。主考官要有正确的选拔人才的眼光和立场,以及对科举文风、考风和科举考试改革的把握。录取考生时,知贡举把当年的进士录为自己的门生,由此形成座主与门生之间的特殊关系,这也是中晚唐朋党之争的一个重要原因。

Imperial competitive examination, a system of talents selection, was in the charge of the Ministry of Rites in the 24th year of Tang Dynasty. The chief examiner, who played a certain guidance role in the formulation of examination paper and the enrollment of candidates, had to possess the insight of talents selection and the ability to control the examination discipline and reform. Scholars of the year would be enrolled as the students of the chief ex- aminer, which helped to form their special relation and resulted in clique fights in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty.