马克思的革命旨趣与历史唯物主义

The Revolution Purport of Marx and Historical Materialism

历史唯物主义作为蕴含着马克思毕生革命旨趣的新唯物主义,是马克思改变世界的思想基石。马克思认为,黑格尔的唯心主义只是观念地呈现了历史的发展过程。为了回到现实的历史,马克思以历史唯物主义来克服唯心主义的抽象性,以揭露社会生活中复杂的现实矛盾。从思想史背景上讲,马克思的新唯物主义既受到了费尔巴哈和18世纪法国唯物主义思想的影响,但又提升并超越了旧唯物主义的局限性,赋予唯物主义一种全新的时代内涵和理论效用,从而为现实的人的自由与解放提供了历史路标。

In Marx＇s opinion, the development of history is just to be presented by Hegel＇s idealism. In or- der to return to the real history, Marx on the historical materialism overcome the abstractness of idealism and reveals the complex contradiction of social life. In the intellectual history, Marxist materialism is not only affected by the 18th century French materialism and Feuerbach＇s materialism, but also beyond the limitations of the old materialism. Marx endows with materialism a contemporary connotation and the sig- nificant theoretical importance, which provides the historical guidepost for lhe freedom and liberation of the realistic persons.