南京航空航天大学飞行学员体质健康现状分析

Analysis on current health condition of flying cadets in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

目的了解当前我国高校民航飞行学员体质健康状况及存在问题,为制定提高飞行学员体质健康干预措施提供依据。方法运用体质测量法对632名南京航空航天大学一、二、三年级飞行学员的身体形态、生理功能和身体素质进行体质测量,并对所测数据运用SPSS 16.0统计学软件进行检验分析,检验结果与现役飞行员南京航空航天大学数据进行比较分析。结果一、二、三年级飞行学员和飞行员视力指标分别为5.02±1.12、5.07±2.04、5.01±2.27、5.11±0.48,与飞行员差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其他身体形态和生理功能各项指标的差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05);反应时分别为(0.63±0.17)、(0.58±0.04)、(0.51±0.03)、(0.43±0.07)s,前庭耐力分别为(9.2±0.3)、(12.1±1.7)、(14.5±2.9)、(16.7±0.4)min,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);其他各项身体素质之间差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论随着对民航飞行员视力标准要求的降低,各年级飞行学员视力有所降低,部分飞行学员反应时和前庭耐力差,是导致其不能成为飞行员的主要障碍,学校训练课时练习方法应多采用模拟与实际飞行中出现的问题相关联的练习科目。

[ Objective ] To investigate the current health condition of flying cadets and existing problems, provide the basis for for- mulating intervention measures to improve the physical health of flying cadets. [ Methods] The body shape, physiological function and physical quality of 632 freshmen, sophomores and juniors in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics were tested by physical measurement method, the datas were analyzed by SPSS 16. 0 and compared with the data of pilots on active service. [ Results ] The visual index of flying cadets in first, second and third grade were 5.02 ± 1.12, 5.07 ± 2. 04 and 5.01 ± 2. 27 re- spectively, and 5.11 ± 0. 48 in pilots. The difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0.01 }. The difference of other body shape and physiological function were not statistically significant （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. Reaction time were （ 0. 63 ± 0. 17 ）, （ 0. 58 ±0.04 ）, （0. 51 ±0.03） and （0.43 ±0.07）s. The vestibule endurance were （9.2 ± 0.3）, （12. 1 ± 1.7）, （14.5 ±2.9） and （16.7 ±0.4）min. The differences were all statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. The difference of other physical quality was not statistically significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] With the decrease of eyesight standard requirement to pilots, the eyesight of flying cadets in different grades decrease. The poor vestibule endurance and reaction time of some flying cadets are the main obstacles for them not to be pi- lots. We should adopt more training courses which concerned with the practice.