我国石油行业法制建设的现状及任务

The Status Quo and the Legal Framework of the Ghinese Petroleum lndustry

我国现行石油法规主要由《矿产资源法》及其配套法规,对外合作开采海洋、陆上石油资源的两个条例,国务院及各部委制订的办法、规定等组成,主要涉及油气资源管理体制、油气矿权及转让、对外合作、管道安全、地震补偿、税费、土地、环保、质量、安全等领域,初步形成了以石油上游为主的法规体系。主要问题在于:石油立法尚未形成完整的法律体系,不能适应改革开放的需要;管理体制不完善,在一定程度上也制约了法规建设。对健全我国石油法规体系建设的初步设想为:1.抓紧修改和补充有关法律规章,为制定《石油法》创造条件;2.适应我国天然气工业的发展需要,及时制订《天然气法》及相关法规;3.加快建立和完善行业监管制度。

China's petroleum legislation is mainly composed of the Mineral Resources Law of the People's Republic of China and its related regulations; two regulations for exploiting onshore and offshore petroleum resources in cooperation with foreign parties; and the administrative regulations and regulative documents promulgated by the State Council and related ministries, which mainly involve management system of petroleum & natural gas resources, exploring & exploiting rights for petroleum & natural gas resource, coopera tion with foreign parties, pipeline safety, compensation for seism, tax, land rent, en vironmental protection, quality, and safety, etc. All these regulations establish the basic legal framework for our upstream sector. The main problem lies in the fact that there is no integrated petroleum legal system. Current petroleum legislation docs not meeL the need of reform and open policy and management systems are not suited to constructing a petroleum legal system. Some ideas to im prove Chinese petroleum legislation is: 1) modify the related regulations so as to ere ate conditions for the formulation of Petro leum Law; 2) to respond to the needs of the Chinese gas industry development to timely formulate Natural Gas Law in a timely fashion; 3) to quicken the pace of eslablishing and improving industry supervision and manage-ment.