中美理科本科专业设置比较研究

A Comparative Study of Science Undergraduate Profession between China and America

文章比较了中美两国高等理科教育本科专业设置,发现中美理科专业设置存在4方面不同。笔者认为美国对新知识的生长形成了正确观念,并将这种认识与教育发展规律结合起来,形成了合理的教育组织模式和制度,专业设置权定在高校基层已成为官方和高校在思想和制度层面的共识。美国理科培养的人才因专业设置而呈现出多样性,人才知识结构的多样性所形成的互补和相互激励成为国家创新人才的基础。文章提出我国宏观和高校微观层面的未来政策建议。

The paper compares the undergraduate profession of higher science education between China and America, finds that there are five differences. The author thinks American form correct concept about the development of new knowledge, and combines the cognition with education development rule, and then forms the rational educational organization mode and system. Official and university reach a consensus in thought and system that the right of setting profession depends on university. American cultivate diverse science talents as the result of the profession, complement and mutual encouragement formed by diverse knowledge structure of talents become the talent basis of national innovation. The paper proposes the future policy and suggestion from macro and micro level.