内蒙古草原牧区生态保护补助奖励政策的惠民效应分析

Analysis on the Benefit People's Effect of Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidies Incentive Policy in Inner Mongolia

为保障国家生态安全,促进牧区牧业发展和牧民增收,国务院自2011年起全面建立草原生态保护补助奖励机制。本文采用参与式农村评估方法对草原牧区生态保护补助奖励政策对当地人民生计的影响做了分析论证,结果表明:生态补助奖励机制的实施不仅能够改善农牧民的生活条件,而且,也有助于农牧民整体文化素质的提高;对于不同家庭类型的农牧民由于其存在家庭结构、生活方式、生计策略、文化水平等方面的差异,生态补助奖励机制对其作用和表现也存在一定的差异;生态补助奖励机制的实施有利于草原地区草场的恢复和保护,有利于环境的改善,但是单凭这一种单一的政策,很难达到全面保护草场的目的,因此,还要通过一些辅助措施,来改善局部地区的草原恶化的局面。

In order to protect our country＇ s ecological safety and promote the development of pastoral＇ s farm- ing and Herdsmen＇ s income, the State Council made up the ecological protection incentives mechanism comprehen- sively. The paper uses the participatory rural appraisal method to analyze and demonstrate the grassland ecological protection grants incentives to local people＇ s livelihoods. The results shows that the policy not only can make the herdsmen live better, but also can improve their cultural level in the whole. Because there are some differences in their family structure and lifestyles as well as livelihood strategies, the effects and performance of the policy also have some differences. The policy is propitious to make the grassland to be protected and recovered. Last but not least, it can also make the environment better. But it is difficult to protect the grassland in all sides if we only de- pend on the policy. So we also need some auxiliary measures to improve it.