中性条件下蓝晶石矿物的浮选行为研究

Flotation behaviors of kyanite minerals under neutral conditions

通过单矿物浮选实验、动电位、吸附量及红外光谱测试分析,考察了蓝晶石、石英、黑云母的浮选行为以及矿物与药剂的作用机理。浮选实验结果表明,在中性条件下,单独用十二胺盐酸盐(DAC)作捕收剂,3者可浮性差异不大,不能有效分离,必须添加抑制剂。3种抑制剂在相同的质量浓度下,对蓝晶石矿物的抑制强弱顺序为:淀粉>水玻璃>氟化钠。金属阳离子的添加对3种矿物的浮选影响也不同,对蓝晶石及石英的抑制强弱顺序为:Al 3+>Fe3+>Mg2+>Ca2+,对黑云母的抑制顺序为Ca2+>Mg2+>Al 3+>Fe3+,黑云母总体趋势变化不明显。动电位、吸附量及红外光谱分析表明,淀粉在蓝晶石表面的吸附为物理吸附,并且主要通过氢键作用来实现,这样淀粉对蓝晶石具有更强的抑制能力,能有效地实现蓝晶石矿物的反浮选分离。

The flotation behaviors and mechanism of kyanite, quartz and biotite were studied by single-mineral flotation, meas- urements of Zeta potential, adsorption amount and infrared spec- trum. The results show that the floatability of three minerals have minor differences with DAC as collector under neutral condi- tions, whereas it does not mean the separation of three minerals can be realized due to the minor differences of their flotation. For three kinds of inhibitors in the same concentration, the order of kyanite inhibition was starch ~ sodium silicate ~ sodium fluor- ide. The effect of adding metal cations on the flotation minerals was not the same; the inhibition strength of kyanite and quartz was AIs＋ ~〉 Fe3＋ ~ Mgz＋ ~ Caz＋ , whereas the order for biotite inhibition was Ca2＋ ~ Mgz＋ ~ A1s＋ ~〉 Fes＋. The overall trend for biotite did not change significantly. The results of Zeta poten- tial, adsorption amount and infrared spectrum indicate that the adsorption of starch on kyanite was regarded as hydrogen-bond interaction. Thus, starch had stronger inhibition on kyanite than other minerals and can effectively achieve the kyanite minerals flotation separation.