立法环境评价的实践与开展建议

Practices of Legislative Environmental Assessment and Its Operational Advices in China

对法律法规草案进行环境影响评价的立法环境评价,是环境影响评价中的最高层次。美国、欧盟、世界银行和我国在立法环境评价领域都开展了积极的探索,取得了一些有效的经验。我国应根据法律法规要求,结合我国国情,积极开展立法环境评价,灵活处理立法评价和立法环境评价的关系,构建立法评价和立法后评估的联动机制,注重环境管理能力的建设和提高。立法环境评价既要评价国内法,也要关注国际条约,既要将公众参与作为强制要求,也要将其作为评价方法。

Environmental impact assessment on legislation is the highest level in the environmental impact assessment hierarchy. The United States of America, the European Union, the World Bank and China all have carried out active exploration and achieved certain effective experience in the field of legislative environmental assessment. Combined China＇s national conditions with the relevant legal requirements, our country should actively carry out legislative environmental assessment, flexibly deal with the relationship between the legislative evaluation and legislative environmental assessment, integrate the legislative evaluation and evaluation after legislation implementation, and pay attention to constructing and enhancing environmental management capacity. Not only the domestic laws, but also the international treaties should be subject to legislative environment assessment, in which the public participation is both mandatory and could be used as an evaluation method.