凤尾菇和裂褶菌原生质体非对称融合研究(英文)

POLARIZED PROTOPLAST FUSION BETWEEN PLEUROTUS SAJOR-CAJU AND SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE

具有双重营养缺陷型的裂褶菌单核体突变菌株的原生质体经过灭活处理后作为供体与同样带有营养缺陷型标记的风尾菇单核体原生质体融合，得到大量生长速度和菌落形态差异较大的多核体和双核体融合子．这些融合子主要显示了供体菌株的特性，数次转接后，有的融合子从多核体转变成双核体，有的融合子完全恢复了供体亲本双核体的遗传特性，同时获得了一些有意义值得继续探讨的新的生理特性，如菌丝体在木屑 皮以及废棉培养料上生长速度较快，在平板培养基和木屑培养料上均较早较快地形成原基和子实体等．结果表明原生质体非对称融合是一种效率较高的融合方式，可以作为食用菌育种的一种有效途经．

A large number of fusion products from polarized protoplast fusion between inactivated monokaryotic protoplasts of Schizophyllum commune and viable monokaryotic protoplasts of Pleurotus sajor-caju were produced. The preliminary study showed that the fusion products mainly carried the characteristics of donor paremt instead of recipient parent. After several subcultures, some fusants produced clamp connections and microscopical observation confirmed there were twin nuclei in their mycelial cells. The result implied that the dead donor could re-emerge from the fusant and companed with the transformation from the monokaryon to diliaryon, as well as achieve some new characteristics such as mycelial growth fast and easier and earlier fruiting. The result also implied that polarized protoplast fusion seems to be a more efficient method to produce fusion products in strain improvement of edible fungi.