3Girardis M, Da Broi V, Antonutco G, et al. The effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on cardio cascular function and pulmonary gas exchange[J].Anesth Analg, 1996,83(1) : 134-140.
4Junghans T,Bohm B,Grundel K, et al. Effects of pneumoper itoneum with carbon dioxide, argon, or helium on hemodynamic and respiratory function[J]. Arch Surg,1997,132(2) 272-278.
5Zuckerman R, Gold M, Venkins P,et al. The effects of pneumoperitoneum and patient position on hemodynamics during laparoseopic cholecystectomy[J]. Surg End ose, 2001, 15(6) :562-565.
6Yavuz Y, Rnning K, Lyng O, et al. Effect of increased intraabdominal pressure on cardiac output and tissue blood flow assessed by color-labeled microspheres in the pig[J].Surg Endosc, 2001 ,15(2) :149-155.
7Baxter JN, O Dwyer PJ. Pathophysiology of laparoscopy[J].Br J surg,1995,82:1-2.
8Katie Steuer,RN. Pneumoperitoneum-physiologh and nursing interventions[J]. Aorn Journal,1998,88(3):412.
9Tsuboi S,Kitano S, Yoshida T. Bandoh, Effects of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on hemodynamics in cirrhotic rats[J]. Surg-Endosc, 2002, Aug, 16(8) : 1220-1225.
