金融业对经济增长贡献的测算及中美两国比较

Measuring Financial Sector's Contribution to Economic Growth and a Comparison between China and U.S.

在SNA核算体系中,金融业是主要的机构部门。如何及时、准确地核算金融业各行业的增加值,度量金融业对经济增长的贡献,对新形势下分析和研究金融结构与经济结构的互动关系、改善金融结构、发挥市场在金融资源配置中的作用等方面具有重要的现实意义。金融业对经济增长的贡献体现在直接贡献和间接贡献两个方面。直接贡献体现在金融业增加值对经济增长的贡献;间接贡献是指金融业在带动相关行业发展从事生产经营活动中所增加的价值。本文根据近年来金融业各行业利润表和损益表等详实数据,分别核算了近年来银行业、证券业、保险业的增加值及对经济增长的贡献率,并在此基础上做了中美两国金融业对经济增长贡献的比较分析。

Financial sector is a major sector in the SNA system. In order to understand the relationship between financial sector and the economy, improve the financial structure and exploit market force in financial recourses allocation, the following questions are very crucial： how to measure the added-value of every industry in the financial sector and how to measure financial sector＇ s contributions to economic growth. There are two channels financial sector contributes to economic growth, a direct one and an indirect one. The direct contribution is the added-value of financial sector which is included in economic growth. The indirect contribution is added- values of other industries related to the financial sector. Using the data from financial statements of every industry in the financial sector, this paper computes how much banks, security and insurance companies contribute to economic growth. In addition, we also compare the economic contributions of financial sectors in China and America.