银川市郊蔬菜大棚土壤中有机磷农药残留现状研究

Study on organophosphorus pesticide residues in soil of greenhouse in Yinchuan suburb

目的了解银川市郊大棚土壤中有机磷农药残留状况,为指导种植者合理使用农药、保证土壤环境安全提供理论依据。方法在宁夏银川市兴庆区某镇随机抽取35座蔬菜大棚,对棚内土壤中20种有机磷农药残留检测。结果银川市郊大棚土壤样品中有3种有机磷农药有检出,总体检出率为71.43%,杀扑磷的检出率最高,为51.43%,土壤样品中无禁用农药检出,有5个土壤样品检测出2种及以上有机磷农药。土壤中推荐使用的有机磷农药和其它有机磷农药检出率均高于禁用有机磷农药检出率,且差异有统计学意义。结论银川市郊大棚土壤中存在一定有机磷农药残留,部分样品存在多种有机磷农药残留,农业部推荐使用的有机磷农药在银川市郊蔬菜大棚已经取得了一定应用;另外,我国尚缺少土壤中农药污染的评价标准。

Objective To investigate the organphosphorus pesticide residues in soil of greenhouse in Yinchuan suburb. Methods In a certain town in Yinchuan suburb,it was randomly selected 35 vegetable greenhouses and detected 20 organophosphorus pesticide residues in soil of those greenhouses. Results Three kinds of organophosphorus pesticides were detected in the soil samples in greenhouses, the overall detection rate was 71.43 %, the detection rate of methidathion was 51.43 %, which was the highest, no soil sam- ples was detected with banned - pesticides. 5 soil samples were detected with two or more organophosphorus p 〈 esticides. Recommending organophosphorus pesticides detection rate and other organophosphorus pesticides detection rate were both higher than the detection rate of organophosphorus pesticides （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The results show that there are certain organophosphorus pesticide residues in soil of in Yinchuan suburb. Several samples is detected with aviaries organophosphorus pesticide residues. It prompts that the organophos- phorus pesticides recommended by Ministry of Chinese Agriculture had achieved certain applications in greenhouses in Yinchuan suburb, but there are some problems of greenhouse workers as lack of knowledge about pesticides and that of regulated pesticide use.