不同施氮量对晒红烟生理特性、干物质积累及化学成分的影响!

The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on physiological characteristic, dry matter accumulation and chemical components of red sun-cured tobacco

为寻找延边晒红烟的最佳施氮量,以8804为材料,研究不同施氮量处理对晒红烟的生理特性、干物质积累和化学成分的影响。结果表明,施氮量为135kg/hm2时,会显著增加单株光合叶面积,提高Pn、E、C等生理指标,而施氮量为180kg/hm2时,单株光合叶面积减少,光合生理指标下降。在移栽后30和45d,干物质积累量随施氮水平的增加先增加后下降,施氮量为135kg/hm2时达到最大;而移栽后60和80d,随施氮水平的增加而持续增加,但高氮处理(180kg/hm2)导致烟株贪青晚熟。随施氮水平的提高,总糖、还原糖、钾离子、糖/碱含量逐渐降低,而总氮、蛋白质和烟碱含量有所提高,氮/碱变化不显著,内在化学成分最协调的施氮处理为45和90kg/hm2,其次是135kg/hm2。综合分析表明,135kg/hm2施氮量处理表现最优。

In order to find out the best nitrogen application level for Yanbian red sun-cured to- bacco, using 8804 as a material, effects of different nitrogen treatments on physiological char- acteristics,dry matter accumulation and chemical composition of red sun-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that the photosynthetic leaf area for each plant was significantly increased,and the physiological indexes of Pn, E and C were alsto increased, when the nitro- gen quantity used is 135kg/hmz ,whereas when the nitrogen quantity used is 180 kg/hm2 , the photosynthetic leaf area for each plant and physiological indexes were reduced. 30 and 45 days after transplanting, the dry matter accumulation level decreased first and then decreased later and the maximum value obtained when the amount of nitrogen used was 135 kg/hm2. How- ever,60 to 80 days after transplanting, the photosynthetic leaf area for each plant and physio- logical indexes were all continuously increased along with the increase of nitrogen fertilizing level,and the high nitrogen treatment with the nitrogen quantity of 180 kg/hm2 resulted in late maturity. In addition, along with the increase of nitrogen level, contents of total sugar, reducing sugar,potassium ion, glucose/alkali were gradually decreased, whereas contents of total nitrogen,protein, nicotine increased slightly, nevertheless nitrogen / alkali were not ob viously changed. The most harmonious composition was obtained at the nitrogen level ofboth 45 and 90 kg/hm2 , followed by the level of 135 kg/hm2. The result of comprehensive a- nalysis indicated that 135 kg/hm2 was the optimum nitrogen level.