鸢尾科植物族属分类及地理分布

The Classification of Tribus Genus and Geographic Distribution of World Iridaceae

鸢尾科属单子叶植物。多年生草本,从球茎鳞茎或根茎中长出,茎草质,偶为灌木状。叶基生或茎生,多为狭线形,常有套摺叶鞘。花单独顶生或成花序,两性整齐,或两侧对称花被花瓣状,下部联合成管,通常美观。花柱有分枝,分枝常为花瓣状,子房三室,中轴胎座,蒴果室背开裂种子常多数。全球约68属1300种,广布温带亚热带和热带,主产东非及热带美洲。我国连引种栽培约9属50种,全国皆有,多在西北及北部。

Belonging to the monocotyledons, the Iridaceae is a kind of perennial herb, growing from sympodial tu- ber or rhizome below ground, with leaves basal or stem growth, usually equitant in two ranks. Generally, the herb has rizomatous bulbous and cormus, or undershrub with beautiful equiant spathe and cymose flowers. The family is di- vided into 11 tribus. Tribe l Isophysideae, Tribe 2 Sisyrinchieae, Tribe 3 Iriadeae, Tribe 4 Cipurieae, Tribe 5 Tigride- ae,Tribe 6 Mariceae, Tribe 7 Aristeae, Tribe 8 Ixieae, Tribe 9 Croceae, Tribe 10 Gladioleae, and Tribe 11 Antho- lyzeae. The plants are distributed in warm temperate and tropical regions, chiefly in eastern Africa and tropical A- merica. In China the plants are distributed in northwest and north regions.The plants have 68 genera and 1 300 spe- cies across the world and the family is about 9 genera and 50 species in China.