论油污应属巨灾保险承保对象

Oil pollution should belong to the underwriting objects of catastrophe insurance

油污符合巨灾保险承保对象所具有的损失发生巨大性、风险发生概率低、风险预测难度大和风险难以分散的识别标准,应属于巨灾保险承保对象。油污巨灾保险具有公共产品属性、石油利益的获得者具有广泛性、侵权损害赔偿责任呈现社会化分担趋势,故政府应当作为油污巨灾保险的投保人。将油污纳入巨灾保险体系中,有助于丰富油污保险类型,构建油污巨灾保险与普通油污保险二元并列的局面,以社会力量督促石油行业提高安全生产力度,并达到弥补普通油污保险、油污基金、政府救济等其他油污灾后救济制度缺陷的目标。

Oil pollution conforms to the recognition standards of the underwriting objects of catastrophe insurance ： huge loss, low probability of occurrence, difficult prediction and risk decentralization, therefore oil pollution should belong to the under-writing objects of catastrophe insurance. Considering that oil pollution insurance has the nature of public goods, the oil inter- ests＇ gainers are widespread and socialization of tort liability, the government should be the applicant of oil pollution＇ s catas- trophe insurance. The establishment of oil pollution＇ s catastrophe insurance is good to enrich the types of oil pollution insur- ance, establish the dualistic situation of oil pollution＇ s catastrophe insurance and general oil pollution insurance, it enables the social forces to supervise the petroleum industry, and achieve the goal of remedying the limitations of other post-disaster relief systems, such as common oil pollution insurance, compensation fund and government relief.