“双轨制”与海事人际法律冲突

Dual-track maritime law system and interpersonal conflict of maritime laws

中国海事法律"双轨制",与差异性的身份立法密切相关,并衍生出海事人际法律冲突。从人际冲突法(人际私法)的理论视角研究"双规制"现象后认为:基于形势发展,可淡化主体身份要素差异的,以统一实体法消除海事人际法律冲突,是为"并轨";源于政策需要,维持身份立法差异与"分轨"现状的,应完善人际私法原则、制度与规范,以解决由此产生的人际法律冲突。中资外轮沿海捎带进出口重箱,由于捎带服务提供者的法律身份不同,也存在法律适用的"分轨制"问题,应设置人际冲突规范加以应对。

In China, its dual-track maritime law system is bound up with the differentiated identity-related legislation, and re-suits in interpersonal conflict of maritime laws. Research of said dual-track system from the theoretical perspective of inter-personal conflict of laws, or private interpersonal law, reveals that, in case uniformity of subjects＇ identities prevails over di- versity thereof in certain legal domain, uniform substantive rules may be applied so that the existing dual tracks can be mer- ged, and that, where the differentiated identity-related legislations are necessary and separate-track legal systems thus main-tained, a set of rules, norms and principles pertaining to private interpersonal laws need to be established so as to tackle in- terpersonal conflict of maritime laws resulting therefrom. Coastal shipping of import/export laden containers carried out pass-ingly by Chinese-funded foreign ships also gives rise to interpersonal conflict of laws due to the diversified legal identities of said service providers, and corresponding rules of conflict of laws need to be established.