住院前“类集体”教育对提高健康教育效果的探讨

Effects of quasi- collective education in pre hospital-patient education

目的在住院日逐渐缩短的前提下，探索提高患者健康知识知晓率，同时提高护士健康教育效率的方法。方法将住院患者按偶遇抽样方法分为i组96例，ii组117例和iii组103例。i组患者院前不开展任何健康教育，ii组患者院前开展人院须知“类集体”教育，iii组患者院前开展入院须知和围手术期共性知识“类集体”教育。对3组患者对健康教育内容的掌握情况和各组护士完成健康教育的时间进行比较。结果与i组患者相比，ii组和iii组患者入院须知（10个条目）的8个条目知晓率均显著提高，差异有统计学意义，围手术期知识知晓率比较差异均无统计学意义。与i组相比，ii组和iii组的入院须知施教时间、时间总计（施教、评估时间之和）明显缩短，差异有统计学意义。ii组和iii组患者的结果比较差异无统计学意义。结论住院前对患者进行入院须知“类集体”教育，可以提高患者入院须知的知晓率，同时提高护士的健康教育效率。

Objective To explore the method of increasing the mastering rate of health knowledge of patients and effective rate of health education by nurses on the premise of shortened average length of hos-pital stay. Methods 316 patients were divided into group i （96 cases）, group ii （117 cases） and group iii （103 cases）. Patients in group i had no pre hospital education. Patients in group ii accepted quasi- collective education on hospitalization notices. Patients in group iii accepted quasi-collective education on hos- pitalization notices and some general peri-operative knowledge. The mastering rate of knowledge and time cost for health education were compared between three groups. Results Compared to group i, group ii and group iii got higher mastering rate in 8 items of hospitalization notices. No difference was seen in acknowledge of general peri-operative knowledge. The education of hospitalization notices and total time was shortened. The difference between group ii and group iii was not positive. Conclusions Taking quasi-collective educa- tion on hospitalization notices improves patients＇ mastering level of hospitalization notices and nurses education efficiency.