薯莨色素的提取工艺及基本成分和抗菌活性研究

Research on Extraction Technology of Dioscorea Cirrhosa Pigment and Its Elementary Components and Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity

目的探讨薯莨色素的提取工艺，研究其基本成分和抗菌活性。方法以60％丙酮为提取剂，料液比（w／v）1：10，常温浸渍5h，60℃水浴回流3h，提取薯莨色素；测定其水分、灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪及粗纤维等含量；并以大肠杆菌、桉树青菇菌、巴氏杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、芽孢杆菌、沙门菌为供试菌，检验提取薯莨色素的抗菌活性。结果薯莨色素提取率达28．6％；薯莨色素基本成分为：水分22．61％，灰分1．61％，粗脂肪2．89％，粗纤维2．80％，粗蛋白3．80％；薯莨色素浓度在0．1％～0．50％范围内对6种供试菌种皆显示了不同程度的抑制效果。结论薯莨色素是具有抗菌活性的天然色素，具有一定的开发价值。

Objective To explore the extraction technology of Dioscorea cirrhosa pigment and to research the elementary components and antibacterial activity of the extracted pigment. Methods The Diosorea cirrhosa pigment was extracted under the condition： 60 % acetone was used as extractant with the solid-liquid ratio 1：10, the sample was soaked for 5 h at normal temperature, then was refluxed for 3 h in a water bath at 60℃. The antibacterial activity of the Dioscorea cirrhosa pigment on Escherichia coli, Eucalyptus green mushroom fungus, Pasteurella multocide, Bacillus cereus, Gemma bacillus and Salmonella was tested. The contents of elementary components of the pigment including moisture, ash, crude fat, crude fiber and crude protein were determined. Results The extraction rate of Diosorea cirrhosa pigment reached 28.6 %. The contents of elementary components were as follows： moisture 22.61 %, ash 1.61%, crude fat 2.89 %, crude fiber 2.80 % and crude protein 3.80 %. In the concentration range of 0.1 %-0.50 %, the pigment showed different degree of inhibitory effects on the growth of the above bacteria and fungus. Conclusion The Diosorea cirrhosa pigment was a kind of natural pigment with antibacterial and antifungal activity and has developmental value as natural dye.