功能化单孔和多孔材料在重金属离子检测中的应用进展

Application of Nanopore and Porous Materials for Heavy Metal Ion Detection

随着微纳米加工技术的革新,仿生单纳米孔通道在重金属离子的检测应用中也开始显示出潜力。本文综述了近十年来基于单孔和多孔材料在重金属离子检测方面的应用。主要介绍了应用最广泛的介孔硅材料,并对其它一些多孔材料做了介绍:包括金属氧化物多孔材料,金属配体超分子有序结构,多孔碳材料,多孔高分子聚合物和多孔粘土。最后,对该领域未来的研究内容和方向进行了展望。

Abstract In recent years, engineered protein nanopore and artificial nanopore have emerged to be a promising platform to build sensors for analysis of metal ion. This article reviewed the recent development and current status of detection of heavy metal ions using nanopore and porous materials. Emphasis was given to the mesoporous silica materials. Except silicate based porous materials which can be used for ionophore embedment, there are several other kinds of porous materials including porous metallosupramolecular networks, porous metal oxide, porous carbon materials, porous polymer membrane and porous clays, which can also be employed to construct metal ion sensors. Finally, the contents and goal of further research in this field was discussed.