舰艇舱室火灾危险源的分析和辨识

Analysis and identification of fire hazards in ship cabins

针对舰艇安全性设计和安全性管理两大问题,根据火灾危险源的特点可将其分为两类,运用直接经验法和统计分析法构建第一类火灾危险源辨识模式,运用系统安全分析法构建第二类火灾危险源辨识模式,并将该方法应用于某型舰艇机舱火灾危险源分析和辨识,得到机舱火灾载荷密度、热释放速率、热释放强度和事故树结构重要度等技术指标。分析表明:机舱属于高危火灾舱室,舱内灭火器材的配置、灭火系统的完好性以及舰员的损管素质是火灾事故发生最重要的影响因素。

According to fire hazard features, this paper uses the firsthand experience and statistical a- nalysis methods to establish the first-class fire hazard identification model and adopts the system safe- ty analysis method to set up the second-class fire hazard identification model, which are aimed at ship safety design and management. Finally, the analysis and identification of fire hazards in a certain ship＇s cabin result in obtaining the technical indexes such as fire load density, heat release rate, and fault tree structure importance. The fact shows that as the engine room has a high risk of fire, the good arrangement of fire-fighting equipment, safe operation of fire-fighting system and improvement of ship crew＇s damage control quality are all the important factors to prevent fire accidents.