铜绿假单胞菌耐药机制的研究进展

Research advance in antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of pseudomonas aeruginosa

铜绿假单胞菌是一种常见的条件致病菌,也是引起院内感染的主要致病菌之一。由于铜绿假单胞菌具有先天和后天获得耐药性,其对多种抗生素包括碳青霉烯类抗生素的耐药率不断上升,临床治疗越来越困难。铜绿假单胞菌的耐药机制复杂,包括β-内酰胺酶的产生、主动外排系统的表达、外膜蛋白的缺失、氨基糖苷钝化酶的产生、药物作用靶位改变、整合子的存在、生物被膜的形成等。

Pseudomonas aeruglnosa（PA） is a common opportunistic pathogen as well as one of the main pathogens causing nosocomial infections. The clinical treatment of PA infection is becoming difficult gradually for its congenital and acquired drug resistance and its increasingly high resistance rate of many antibiotics including carbapenem. Mechanisms of drug resistance of PA are complex, which include production ofβ-lactamases, expression of active efflux systems, lack of outer membrane proteins, production of aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, changes of antimicrobial targets, existence of integrons, and biofilms forming, etc.