Nutrient Release Characteristics of Vinyl Chloride-Vinyl acetate Copolymers Coated SlowRelease Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Effect on Soil Mineral Nitrogen

氯醋树脂型缓释氮肥的养分释放特征及对土壤矿质氮的影响(英文)

[Objective] The aim was to explore release characteristics of vinyl chlo- ride-vinyl acetate copolymer controlled-release N fertilizer and the effects on minerat nitrogen in soils. [Method] Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and hydroxyl-modi- fied VCNAc were taken as coating materials to prepare slow release fertilizer. Nutri- ent release characteristics of VC/VAc slow release fertilizer was evaluated by water immersion method and the effects of VC/VAc slow release fertilizer on mineral ni- trogen were researched by pot experiment. [Result] The release periods of VC-VAc controlled-release urea and hydroxyl-modified VC/VAc coated urea were 60 and 50 d, respectively. Furthermore, the content of ammonium nitrogen reached the peak on the 30th d and the content of nitrate nitrogen reached the peak on the 60th d in soils in treatments with VCNAc and hydroxyl-modified VC/VAc; the content of nitrate nitrogen rose again on the 120th d in the treatment with VC/VAc. In terms of wheat yield, different treatments showed insignificant differences and rice yield in the treatment with VCNAc was significantly higher than that in the treatment with hy- droxyl-modified VCNAc （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] The release days of slow controlled- release fertilizer vary upon pot experiment method and water immersion method. Slow controlled-release fertilizer is not suitable for monoculture, due to long fertilizer efficiency, but multiple cropping would be optimal for its role to be fully exploited.

[目的]探讨氯醋树脂型缓释氮肥的养分释放特征及对土壤矿质氮的影响。[方法]以氯醋树脂和羟基改性的氯醋树脂为新型包膜材料制备包膜缓释氮肥,用水浸泡法来评价氯醋树脂型缓释氮肥的养分释放特征和用盆栽试验法研究氯醋树脂型缓释氮肥对土壤矿质氮的影响。[结果]氯醋树脂缓释氮肥的释放期为60 d,羟基改性的氯醋树脂缓释氮肥为50 d,氯醋树脂和羟基改性的氯醋树脂缓释氮肥处理的土壤铵态氮含量在30 d时达到了最高峰,土壤硝态氮含量在60 d时达到了最高峰,氯醋树脂缓释氮肥处理的土壤硝态氮含量在120 d时出现一次上升。在小麦产量上,各处理间无显著差异,但在后期的水稻产量上,氯醋树脂缓释氮肥显著高于羟基改性氯醋树脂缓释氮肥处理(P<0.05)。[结论]盆栽试验法与水浸泡法评价缓释氮肥的释放天数是不同的,一季旱田作物并不能发挥缓释氮肥的肥效长的特点,需要做两季的水旱轮作,才能真正的发挥它的作用。