论“神”的系统性

A Hierarchical System of Shen (神)

《内经》建立了新的神系统 :天神 -人神 -五脏神系统。它把人为小宇宙之天人相应思想延伸到五脏 ,又把各藏认为是另一个宇宙。《内经》的这种天神 -人神 -五藏神之系统认识就是《内经》精神观之另一个特征 ,它认为天、人、藏是一个整体即太极体。天神、人神、藏神是主宰各太极体的规律 ,而且自身亦以一个整体存在 ,同时它们之间又相互影响。

Hierarchically,“ Shen (神)” in Neijing (内经) has three levels;“Cosmos Shen (天神)” and “Man Shen (人神)” and “WuZang Shen (五藏神)”.“Cosmos Shen (天神)”,which is the “Great Law” is the basis of creation,change,develpoment,extinction of all things in the universe including man.“Man Shen ” which represents “ Shen (神)” at the mundane level is the “Basic Principle” of human life,speaking broadly and mental function in a narrow sense. “WuZang Shen (五藏神)” is lower level than “Man Shen ”. “WuZang Shen ” constitutes “Man Shen ” and simultaneously controlled by “Man Shen ”,with the characteristics of self independence. Nejing systemizes the new notion of “ Shen ” system;the relation of “Cosmos Shen ”,“Man Shen ” and “WuZang Shen ” system. In the view of traditional chinese medicine,it is often said that the close relationship between Man and Cosmos is deeply reflected on the notion of microcosm. Neijing not only connects this notion of Cosmos with WuZang,but also regards each Zang as another Cosmos. The hierarchical system of “ Shen ” in Neijing is one of the characteristics of the epistemology of Neijing. It recognizes Cosmos,Man and Zang as the Integrity;“Taiji Integrity(太极体)”. “Cosmos Shen ”,“Man Shen ” and “WuZang Shen ” are the principles and rules of each “Taiji Integrity” and they also exist as the Integrity by themselves,having mutual influences on each other.