善画者善园 善园者善画 论张大千的造园思想和造园艺术

He Who is Good at Painting also Apt at Gardening and Vice Versa On the Gardening Idea and the Gardening Art of ZHANG Da-qian

当代有关张大千艺术成就的研究主要集中在绘画方面,而很少有人关注他的造园艺术。实际上,张大千不仅是著名的画家、书法家、诗人、收藏家、鉴赏家,同时还是一位极富灵感的造园家,他一生钟情于造园,而且对造园艺术有着独特的美学见解。受绘画思想的影响和传统园林艺术的熏陶,20世纪50年代以后张大千先后在巴西、美国和台湾建造3处具有中国传统文人园林特色的园宅。文章通过对他亲自设计建造的"八德园"、"环荜庵"和"摩耶精舍"3处园宅的分析,来探究张大千的造园思想及造园艺术。一方面作为对他完整艺术人生的补充和完善,另一方面也希望能为当代园林设计提供一些有意义的启发和借鉴。

The studies on ZHANG Da-qian＇s artistic achievement of the day are mostly focus on his painting rather than his art of gardening. In fact, Mr. Zhang was not only a famous painter, calligrapher, poet, collectors and connoisseurs, but also a master garden designer with rich inspiration. He loved gardening through his life and had a unique aesthetic view to gardening art. Being influenced by painting thoughts and traditional gardening art, Mr. Zhang constructed three home gardens with Chinese traditional literati garden features in Brazil, the United States and Taiwan after the 1950s. This paper explores Mr. Zhang＇s gardening idea and gardening art through the analysis of his gardens of ＂Bade Park＂, ＂Ring Piper Ore＂ and ＂Maya Abode＂, trying to complete his artistic life as well as to provide some meaningful inspiration to contemporary garden design.