氧化锌烟尘中铟的高效浸出新工艺研究

New Technology for Indium Efficient Leaching from Zinc Oxide Dust

铟因其优良的特异性能而具有广泛的工业用途,如何从含铟物料中高效回收铟成为技术的关键,但目前铟的提取工艺均存在铟回收率不高的问题。本研究采用"中性浸出—低温低酸浸出—高温强化浸出"新工艺实现含铟氧化锌烟尘中铟的高效浸出,研究了铟高效浸出的工艺条件和浸出机理,实验结果表明:中性浸出能优先分离烟尘中的锌,使铟富集到中浸渣中;中浸渣先经低温低酸浸出使高价态铟转入溶液;难溶铟入渣后再经高温强化浸出处理,将低价态铟氧化成高价态、并破坏难溶铟物相的表面结构,从而强化铟的溶出。铟最终在低温低酸浸出液中富集,铟的浸出率≥95%。本研究为各种含铟资源中铟的高效回收与稀有金属资源的有效利用提供了新的方法与理论指导,具有很好的工业应用前景。

Indium serves a wide range of industrial applications because of its excellent specificity. How to efficiently recover indium from various indium-bearing materials is the key problem in technology. However, nearly all of the extraction processes have a disadvantage of low indium recovery. In this study, a new process of ＂ neutral leaching-low acid low temperature leaching-high temperature strengthened leaching＂ was employed to efficiently leach indium from indium-bearing zinc oxide dust. The optimal leaching conditions and leaching mechanism were investigated. The results showed that the neutral leaching made zinc preferentially extracted and indium left in the leaching residue, which was then treated by low acid low temperature leaching process to make high valence indium enter the leaching solution. The resulted insoluble indium in the residue was treated by high temperature strengthened leaching to oxidize the low valence indium to high valence and destroy the surface structure of the insoluble indium phase to strengthen indium leaching effect. Finally indium was enriched in low acid leaching solution with its leaching ratio i〉93%. This project provides new method and theoretical guidance for indium recovery from various indium containing resources and ef- fective utilization of rare metal resources. It has a promising industrial application prospect.