中西易学乔梓雄──德儒卫礼贤、卫德明父子易学综论

A Comprehensive Study of Richard and Hellmut Wilhelm's Scholarship on the Changes

自16世纪开始,在耶稣会传教士穿针引线之下,西方易学与汉学发展密不可分。其中,德国卫礼贤翻译先秦儒、道经典,发现《易经》的特殊地位与哲学作用,从而进行深入研究,并请教劳乃宣与胡适等知名学者,完成第一部德文译本《易经》,译笔"简明"、"自由"、"想象",被称为"西方易学史上的《新约全书》"。此外,其子卫德明与其学生贝恩斯合译出版卫礼贤《易经》英文版,贝恩斯又英译卫德明《变化:易经八讲》在美国出版,这两本英文译著直接推动美国易学研究快速起飞,也使卫氏父子易学得到更多的发展,并产生深刻的影响。

Since the 16th century, under Jesuits＇ efforts, studies of the Changes and development of sinology in the West had been closely related. Among them, Richard Wilhelm （ 1873-1930 ） discovered the peculiar position and philosophical function of the Classic of Changes and began to probe into it while he was translating the pre-imperial Confucian and Daoist classics. He had sought instruc- tions from Lan Naixuan { 1844-1927 } and Hu Shi （ 1891-1962 } and completed his translation of the Book of Changes from Chinese in- to German. Being concise, free, and imaginative, his translation was viewed as the ＂New Testament in the history of scholarship on the Changes in the West.＂ In addition, his son Hellmut Wilhelm { 1905-1990） and Cary F. Baynes { 1883-1997） co-translated the German version iuto English and the latter also translated Hellmut＇ s Changes, Eight Lectures on the I Ching into English and pub- lished them in the USA. These two works directly and rapidly prompted the scholarship on the Changes in America, in the course of which both the father＇s and son＇s studies of the Changes loomed large and exerted palpable influences.