运载火箭测控系统技术与发展

Evolution of Launch Vehicle TT&C System Technology

针对中国新一代运载火箭发射轨道多样、外部环境日益复杂、上行控制和空间环境安全要求逐步提高等发展特点,以及高码率、高覆盖、高精度的测控需求,研究了天基测控、多音组合编码安控、高效遥测和测控数传一体化等几种运载火箭测控新技术的应用前景;从工程的角度,提出了中国运载火箭测控系统发展思路和天地一体化的测控体系结构;并就测控系统资源配置与使用模式、新型测控体制和测控手段、遥测和安控频段等重点发展方向简述了作者的观点。

In the backdrop of diversifying targeted orbits of China＇s new generations of launch vehicles, more and more complicated space environment, and increasing requirements on uplink command and space safety, and to meet demands for high bit rate, high percentage of coverage, and high accuracy of spacecraft TT＆C （Telemetry, Track- ing and Command）, the prospects for application of new launch vehicle TT＆C technologies including space-based TT＆C, safety control based on multi-tone coding, high efficiency telemetry, and integration of TT＆C and data transmission, are studied. From the perspective of system engineering, a concept of launch vehicle TT＆C system and its integrated space-ground TT＆C architecture are proposed. Besides, viewpoints are also given on development of key areas, e. g. , TT＆C resource reconfiguration and utilization model, new spacecraft instrumentation systems and means, and frequency spectrums for telemetry and safety control.