压力管理对改善急性心肌梗死患者生活质量的效果研究

Effect of stress management on the quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的探讨压力管理对出院时和恢复期急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者生活质量的影响。方法采用便利抽样,在上海某医院CCU选取首次发生AMI患者326例,按时间段分为实验组170例和对照组156例,对两组均给予住院期AMI护理常规和出院后讲座活动,在此基础上,对实验组采用压力管理干预,分住院期和出院后恢复期两阶段进行。使用西雅图心绞痛调查表,分别在住院期和出院3个月后进行测评。结果分析两组患者不同病程量表评分,实验组量表的各项维度得分都有改善,而对照组只有心绞痛发作情况在恢复期有改善,治疗满意程度和疾病认识程度得分下降,其余维度都没有变化;两组患者在病程各期得分比较,实验组患者躯体活动受限程度、治疗满意程度和疾病认识程度等多项维度得分都明显高于对照组。结论压力管理干预能提高AMI患者的生活质量,且措施应有针对性、整体性和延续性。

Objective To evaluate the effects of stress management in patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI） at different stages. Methods Totally 326 AMI patients were recruited from a CCU in Shanghai and were divided into two groups. All patients received routine nursing care and health lectures after discharge. In addition, stress management was implemented in the experimental group during hospitalization and after discharge. The patients＇ quality of life was assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire（SAQ） before discharge and 3 months after discharge. Results The factor score of angina stability（AS） in the control group increased at rehabilitation stage,but other factor scores remained the same or even lower than those during hospitalization. All factor scores increased in the experi- mental group at rehabilitation stage（P〈0.01）. The factor scores of physical limitation（PL）,treatment satisfaction（TS） and disease perception（DP） in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Targeted,systematic and continuous stress management can effectively improve the AMI patients＇ quality of life.