不同情境下大学生移情与内隐利他行为的关系

The Relationship between Implicit Altruistic Behavior and Empathy in Different Situations

目的探讨不同情境(安全情境、危险情境)下大学生移情能力与内隐利他行为的关系。方法本研究采用2×2混合设计,综合运用问卷法和内隐联想测验(IAT),以高低移情组大学生为被试进行实验,对比不同情境刺激下大学生内隐利他行为的差异。结果重复测量方差分析的结果显示,在安全情境下,高移情者的内隐利他行为显著高于低移情者(F(1,49)=18.11,P<0.001);在危险情境下,高移情者与低移情者的内隐利他行为不存在显著差异。结论个体的内隐利他行为受到个体本身移情素质和外部环境危险性的影响,相比高移情者,低移情者内隐利他联结网络的启动阈值可能较高且对环境更不敏感,只有在较强的环境刺激下才会表现出利他行为。

Objective To make understanding of the relationship between implicit altruistic behavior and empathy,especially the en- vironment situations moderating effect. Methods The present study was a 2 x 2 factors mix-designed experiment, discussing the relation- ship between implicit altruistic behavior and empathy in different situations using the questionnaire and the implicit association test. Data for the present study were derived from 51 grade 7 - 9th adolescents of high empathy group and lower empathy group. Results Altruistic behavior could be displayed implicitly. In the security situation,the high empathetic subjects＂ implicit altruistic behavior was higher than low empathy group（F~.49） = 18. 11 ,P 〈 0. 001 ） ,but in the dangerous situation ,the two groups had no differences. Conclusion The im- plicit altruistic behavior is affected by empathy and the risk of external environment. Compared with individuals with higher empathy, the lower ones may have higher threshold of implicit altruism coupling networks, and only extremely strong environmental stimuli can trigger altruistic behavior.