在校硕士生的社会支持度及其与孤独感的关系

Social Support of Graduate Students and its Relationships with Loneliness

目的了解在校硕士生的社会支持度及与其孤独感的关系。方法使用社会支持量表和情感与社会孤独量表对在校硕士生进行调查。结果①硕士生的社会支持较好;②男生的社会支持得分低于女生,但只在主观支持上达到显著差异(t=-3.036,P<0.01);独生子女的社会支持得分低于非独生的,且在社会支持总分(t=-4.954,P<0.001)、主观支持(t=-7.075,P<0.001)上差异显著;城市生源者的得分均低于乡村生源的,且在社会支持总分(t=-2.706,P<0.01)和主观支持(t=-3.528,P<0.001)上差异显著;没有恋爱关系的得分低于有恋爱关系者,且在社会支持总分(t=5.583,P<0.001)、主观支持(t=3.090,P<0.01)和客观支持(t=5.993,P<0.001)上差异显著;③社会支持与孤独感显著负相关。结论回归分析发现社会支持对社会孤独、情感孤独和总体孤独有较好的预测性。在校硕士生的社会支持较好,且性别、生源地、是否独生子女以及有无恋爱都会影响社会支持;提高社会支持度可以有效地减少孤独体验。

Objective To know social support of graduate students and its Relationships with loneliness. Methods Using the emo- tional and social loneliness scale and Perceived Social Support scale to investigate graduate students. Results ①The score of social sup- port was high;②Boy~ score of social support was lower than girls ,there was significant differences in the subjective support（ t = -3. 036, P 〈 0.01 ） ;Only children scored lower on social support than not only children, and there were significant difference on the total score of social support （ t = -4. 954, P 〈 0. 001 ） and the subjective support （ t = -7. 075, P 〈 0. 001 ） ; Urban students scored less than rural students,and there were significant difference on the total score of social support （t =-2. 706, P 〈 0.01 ）and subjective support （t = -3. 528 ,P 〈 0. 001 ） ;No loveg score was lower than the loverg, there were significant difference on the the total score of social support （t = 5. 583,P 〈 0. 001 ） subjective support （ t = 3. 090, P 〈 0.01 ） and objective support （ t = 5. 993, P 〈 0. 001 ）. ③The relationship be- tween loneliness and social support was significantly negative, But regression analysis found that social support had a better prediction on the overall loneliness, social loneliness and emotional loneliness. Conclusion Graduate students have better social support, and gender, origin and only children or not and love or not will affect ther social support ; Improving social support can effectively reduce the lonely ex- perience.