新疆枣球蜡蚧地理种群的遗传变异与生态因子的相关性

Genetic variation of Eulecanium giganteum( Shinji) geographical populations and its correlations with ecological factors

采用ISSR技术对来自新疆哈密、巴州、阿克苏、喀什、和田5个地区共计15个枣球蜡蚧地理种群的遗传变异进行了分析。结果表明:枣球蜡蚧种群中,采自阿克苏沙雅种群的遗传多样性最高,而采自巴州和静种群遗传多样性最低,各种群间的遗传背景存在明显分化;相关性分析表明,种群的遗传多样性与年均温度、年均湿度呈正相关,与寄主树龄和纬度无相关性,而与海拔呈负相关;各种群两两之间的遗传距离与年均温度差呈正相关。蚧虫在寄主树木的南向和中部发生程度最重。

The genetic diversity of 15 Eulecanium giganteum （Shinji） populations, which were collected from five regions （ Hami, Bazhou, Akesu, Kashi and Hetian） of Xinjiang, was investi- gated by using inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. The results showed that Shaya population in Akesu had the highest genetic diversity, while Hejing population in Bazhou had the lowest genetic diversity. Correlation analysis showed that the genetic diversity of E. giganteum populations was positively correlated with the annual mean air temperature and humidity, but less correlated with the age of host tree and latitude, and negatively correlated with the elevation. Be- sides, the genetic distance between the paired populations was positively correlated with the an- nual mean air temperature. Coccid occurred severely on the south side and middle parts of trees.