医疗机构就诊妇女针对妇女暴力相关知识态度调查

Study on violence against women(VAW) related knowledge and attitudes among outpatient women

目的了解医院门诊就诊妇女对针对妇女暴力的相关知识态度现状。方法 2012年7-8月在河北省承德县、湖南省浏阳市两地各选一家县级妇幼保健院和综合医院,使用分层随机抽样方法抽取了635名门诊就诊妇女。使用自行设计的调查问卷收集妇女的一般情况、家庭地位、社会性别平等意识、针对妇女暴力识别知识题和与暴力有关的态度题等。结果医院门诊妇女暴力识别知识得分满分率为39.2%,家庭地位较高者的暴力知识得分较高(OR=1.4);分别有29.6%、26.3%、24.3%、22.5%的门诊就诊妇女认为"妇女不忠"、"妇女不孝敬老人"、"妇女先动手"和"妇女用恶毒言语羞辱男性"的情况下男性可以打女性";分别有19.5%、8.3%和7.7%的妇女认同"妇女不进行身体上的反抗就不叫强奸"、"如果女人被强奸是因为穿得太暴露性感"和"丈夫打妻子纯属家庭私事,家丑不可外扬",社会性别平等意识得分较高者的态度得分较高(OR=2.6);34.6%的人知道医疗机构可以求助,67.2%的人会选择去医疗机构求助。结论医院就诊妇女对针对妇女暴力识别能力有待提高,尚未认识到女性对待暴力行为应该零容忍,医疗机构作为暴力求助机构知晓度不够。

[ Objective ] To measure outpatient women＇ s current levels of knowledge and attitudes about VAW. [ Methods ] A cross-sectional study was conducted in two hospitals and two health care facilities in Hebei and Hunan Province between July and August in 2012. 635 outpatient women were selected and investigated. Self-designed questionnaire was used to collect characteristics of subjects, family status, gender conception, knowledge on VAW, attitude towards violence. Resuhs 42.7% medical personnel get full score of knowledge about violence. [ Results ] 39.2% outpatient women get full score of knowledge about violence. Women with higher family status can get higher knowledge score （OR=1.4）.29.6%, 26.3%, 24.3% and 20.8% outpatient women think that men can batter women under the following conditions： ＂If a woman is disloyal to her husband or boyfriend＂ , ＂If a woman is not filial to the aged＂ , ＂A woman attacks first＂ , and ＂A woman shames a man with bitchy asides＂ . 19.5%, 8.3% and 7.7% outpatient women think that ＂If a woman does not resist physically, that is not called a rape＂ , ＂If a woman is raped, generally because she wears too exposure and sexy＂ , and ＂Beating wife/girlfriend by husband/boyfriend is only gender affair, Do not wash your dirty linen in public＂ . Women with higher gender conception score can get higher attitude score （OR=2.6）. 34.6% outpatient women know that medical institutions can offer help, 67.2% would choose to go to medical institutions seeking for help. [ Conclusion ] The knowledge about VAW of outpatient women is needed to be improved. Outpatient women haven＇ t had a zero tolerance attitudes towards VAW. Medical institutions had not been well known for women suffered from VAW seeking for help.