衡阳市2010-2013年出生缺陷监测结果分析

The analysis of birth defects monitoring and intervention measures in Hengyang City from 2010 to 2013

目的分析衡阳市2010-2013年出生缺陷状况及变化趋势,为制定进一步降低出生缺陷发生率的干预措施提供有效依据。方法按照我国出生缺陷监测方案,对衡阳市2010-2013年31家医院的197 635名围产儿进行出生缺陷监测,运用描述性统计方法分析出生缺陷发生率、类别和相关因素。结果衡阳市2010-2013年出生缺陷发生率为从2010年的100.33/万上升至2013年的114.32/万;前5位是总唇裂、多指(趾)、先天性心脏病、外耳其他畸形、马蹄内翻足。男童出生缺陷发生率高于女童,但城镇和农村分布差异无统计学意义。结论开展婚前保健、孕前保健、产前筛查、新生儿筛查及治疗三级预防是降低出生缺陷的有效措施。

[ Objective ] By analyzing the relevant data of birth defects and the changing trend from 2010 to 2013 in Hengyang City, we hope to provide a scientific basis for the effective preventive intervention measures to reduce the birth defect ratio. [ Methods ] According to the birth defects monitoring scheme of China, we have monitored 197635 cases of perinatal babies in 31 different hospitals from 2010 to 2013 in Hengyang City, and analyze the birth defect ratio, categories and relevant factors by using descriptive statistical techniques. [ Results ] The total birth defect ratio of Hengyang City rose from 100.33/10000 to 114.32/10000 between 2010 to 2013. The top five birth defect categories are the total cleft lip, multi finger （toe）, congenital heart disease, deformity of external ear, talipes equinovarus. The male birth defect ratio is higher than females. But there is no significant difference between urban and rural areas. [ Conclusion ] The followings are the three most effective preventive intervention measures we can take to reduce birth defect ratio： pre-marital and pre-pregnant health care, prenatal screening, newborn sereening and treatment