民族杂居区的语言和谐与语言生活变迁初探——以云南省丽江玉龙县九河乡为例

An Exploration of Language Harmony and Change of Language Life in Multi-ethnic Regions ——Exemplified by Jiuhe Township of Lijiang Yulong County in Yunnan Province

对多民族共居的云南省丽江玉龙县九河白族乡的语言调查发现:多种语言能够和谐共存,民众能够和谐相处;汉语和各少数民族语言在当地各族居民的社会交际、情感联络、生存发展等方面发挥着各自功能;一些少数民族民众不但能兼用汉语,还能不同程度地兼用别的少数民族语言。随着各民族交往范围的扩大,语言生活呈现出汉语作用日益突出,母语在民族内部交往中有顽强生命力,以及曾经作为区域优势语言的民族语兼用程度呈现逐渐下降的趋势。

An investigation of language life of Jiuhe Bai Town which is inhabited by multiple ethnic groups in Yulong County of Lijiang in Yunnan Province shows that multiple languages coexist harmoniously and people live in a harmonious way. Chinese and native languages of local ethnic groups play their own roles in social communication, emotional contact and living. Some ethnic minority residents can speak both Chinese and ethnic languages due to the need of survival and communication. With the expansion of communication among ethnic groups, in language life, Chinese plays an increasingly important role, while native tongues also display a tenacious vitality in ethnic internal communications. The mixed use of ethnic languages used to be regionally dominant but now there is a trend of decreasing.