藏区水葬习俗的饮食人类学解读——基于金沙江河谷的田野调查

AN INTERPRETATION TO THE CUSTOM OF WATER BURIAL IN TIBETAN REGION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY OF FOOD: Based on the Fieldwork in the Jinshajiang River Valley

文章基于金沙江河谷两个田野点的调查,对藏区高原牧民与河谷农民对水葬截然相反的态度进行跨文化比较研究,指出高原牧区轻视水葬和河谷农区流行水葬的原因,认为此两种截然不同的态度从根本上说与宗教信仰无关,而是基于当地群众的生产与饮食发展起来后切合了某种宗教的教义,提出开辟藏族丧葬研究新路径的设想。

Based on the investigation in two fieldwork sites along the Jinshajiang River, this paper compares the two opposite attitudes towards the custom of water burial of the herdsmen in the Tibet pasture and the peasants in the fiver valley from the cross - cultural perspective. It points out the reasons why the custom of water burial is despised in pasture of the plateau whereas this custom is popular in agricultural ar- ea of the river valley. It holds that the two opposite attitudes have nothing to do with religious beliefs in- deed. They combine certain religious elements after they originate from the production and diet of the local people. This paper also proposes tentative plan for new approaches to the studies of funeral.