论金元全真诗词中的山水审美情致

Landscape Aesthetic Interest in Quanzhen Daoist Poetry of Jin and Yuan Dynasties

金元全真诗词中有不少山水之作,其中蕴含着全真宗师对山水独特的审美视角。和儒家的"山水比德"观点相异,全真诗词家对山水持有"山水喻道"的审美观念。在此观念的指引下,全真诗词作者深切地体悟到了山水的"大美"、"大乐"与"大情"。而深蕴"道性"的山水,对于虔心循道的全真词家来说,亦有着涤心洗尘、摒弃尘嚣的作用。基于对山水道法层面的审美与认知,全真宗师对自我的悟道生涯作出了复归自然的理性抉择,充分展现了他们山水审美观念的超越与通脱。

There were many landscape poetry about Landscape in Quanzhen Daoist poetry of Jin and Yuan Dynasties which showed that Quanzhen Daoist masters had a unique aesthetic perspective of landscape aesthetic. Their thoughts were different from Confucian thought. They believed that land- scape could be used to explain natural rules. Under the guide of this thought, Quanzhen masters real- ized the beauty, happiness and emotion of the landscapes. The landscapes could also help the devout Quanzhen Daoist masters remove distracting thoughts and stay away from this mortal life. Based on the aesthetic and realization of landscape, Quanzhen masters chose to be close to the nature, which showed they were beyond the landscape aesthetic idea.