香料成分的结构与高温裂解产生芳香物质含量的关系研究

Relationship between Structures of Perfume Compositions and Amounts of Aromatic Compounds Pyrolysized by Perfumes

应用在线热裂解/气相色谱-质谱(PY/GC-MS)研究了紫苏葶、β-紫罗兰酮、香紫苏内酯、异丁香酚、苯甲醛、2-乙酰基吡嗪、2-乙酰基噻唑、3-乙酰基吡啶、山楂酊、树兰净油在氦气氛围中分别于300、600、800℃下的裂解产物,通过对裂解产物中芳香烃类化合物的分析,讨论了裂解温度和香料组分化学结构对芳香族物质产生量的影响,并以有机结构理论总结了香料成分的结构与高温裂解产生芳烃物质含量的关系。研究结果表明:β-紫罗兰酮、香紫苏内酯、异丁香酚、树兰净油等在800℃时均裂解生成芳香烃类化合物(苯系物、茚系物和萘系物),其中裂解物中芳香烃类物质含量最高者为β-紫罗兰酮,达到16.290%,树兰净油为5.376%;而2-乙酰基吡嗪、2-乙酰基噻唑、3-乙酰基吡啶的裂解产物中未检测到上述芳香烃类物质,香料成分的结构是高温裂解产生芳烃物质的重要因素;随着裂解温度的升高,裂解产物中芳香烃类化合物的含量呈上升趋势;其中2-乙酰基吡嗪、2-乙酰基噻唑和3-乙酰基吡啶适宜用作卷烟香料。

The pyrolysates of 10 perfumes, including perillartine, fl-ionone, sclareolide, iso-euge- nol, benzal dehyde, 2-acetyl pyrazine, 2-acetyl thiazole, 3-acetyl pyridine, hawthorn tincture and shu-lan absolute, were identified by on-line gas chromatography -mass spectrometry （GC -MS） un- der helium atmospheres at 300 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃, respectively. The relative percentage con- tents of aromatic components were established, and effects of pyrolysing temperatures on amounts of aromatic components formed during the pyrolysing procedure were analyzed. Meantime, the relation- ship between structures of perfume compositions and amounts of aromatic compounds was speculated and accounted based on the theroy of the structures and property of organic compounds. The results showed that： fl-ionone, sclareolide, /so-eugenol, shu-lan absolute could be pyrolysed into aromatic compounds （including benzene, indene, naphthalene and their derivates） at 800 ℃ , among which the percentage content of the aromatic components in pyrolysates of fl-ionone came to 16. 290% and that in pyrolysates of shu-lan absolute was 5. 376%. But aromatic components were not detected in the pyrolysates of 2-acetylpyrazine, 2-acetyhhiazole, 3-acetylpyridine. Therefore, the structures of perfume compositions were an important effect on the amounts of aromatic compounds pyrolysed by perfumes. With the increase of pyrolysis temperature, the aromatic compound percentage in pyroly- sates was increased obviously. For example, the aromatic components of β-ionone pyrolysates at 300 ℃ were almost not determined, and the total of aromatic components at 600 ℃ was lower than 1% ,but the total of aromatic components at 800 ℃ came to 16. 28%. As additives used for cigarette, 2- acetylpyrazine, 2-acetylthiazole and 3-acetylpyridine are suitable.