俄罗斯主要含油气盆地油气成藏组合及资源潜力

Resource potentials of main plays in the petroliferous basins in Russia

俄罗斯油气纵向分布地层跨度大,总体上可分为前寒武系—下古生界、上古生界、中生界和新生界四大套含油气层系。通过已发现油气藏统计分析,前寒武系—下古生界油气藏主要分布于东西伯利亚克拉通盆地;上古生界油气藏主要分布于伏尔加—乌拉尔和蒂曼—伯朝拉前陆盆地;中生界油气藏分布比较广泛,主要分布于西西伯利亚裂谷盆地和东巴伦支海裂谷盆地,北高加索前陆和东西伯利亚克拉通边缘坳陷也有分布;新生界油气藏主要分布于俄罗斯远东以北萨哈林为代表的弧后盆地群内。文中以含油气系统研究为基础,以成藏组合为评价单元,通过对上述主要含油气盆地油气关键成藏要素分析,应用油气藏发现过程法,对盆地的待发现资源量进行了估算。估算结果显示在现有经济技术条件下,俄罗斯地区待发现油气资源依旧丰富,待发现石油资源量主要赋存于西西伯利亚盆地,待发现天然气资源量主要在西西伯利亚盆地、东西伯利亚盆地和东巴伦支海盆地。

Oil and gas reservoirs present a wide vertical span in Russia, which generally can be divided into four large oil and gas plays including the Precambrian to Paleozoic, Upper Paleozoic, Memzoie and Cenozoic. By statistical analysis of known reservoirs, the Precambrian to Lower Paleozoic play is mainly distributed in East Siberian eratonic basin, and the Upper Paleozoic play is mainly distributed in the Volga-Ural and Timan-Pechora foreland basins. The Memzoic play presents a wide range relatively, mainly in West Siberian rift basin and East Barents sea rift basin, as well as the North Caucasus foreland and the edge depression of East Siberian craton. Cenozoic play is mainly distributed in the North Sakhalin basin of Russian Far East as the representative of back-arc basin groups. Based on the analysis of petroleum system and its key accumulation factors, this study selected play as the basic assessment unit to estimate undiscovered resources of above basins by using discovery process method of oil and gas pool. The results indicate that Russia still has abundant undiscovered oil and gas resources under the existing economic and technical conditions, the oil remurces of which mainly distributed in the West Siberian basin, and the gas resources were in East Siberian basin and East Barents basin.