语言政策与语言的命运——八思巴文与满文的衰落

The Fading of Phagspa Script and Manchuria Script

八思巴文、满文分别是元代与清代的"国语",尽管在当朝都曾被大力推行,但在该朝代灭亡之后,也逐渐退出历史舞台,还位于具有悠久历史的汉语。在这一过程中,除了汉语自身的优势以外,语言使用者数量的多寡对语言的发展趋势起到了至关重要的作用,国家的语言政策也对语言的发展速度具有强大的推动作用和决定性意义。

The Phagspa script and the Manchuria script were the National language for the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty respectively. But in the process of their implementation, they exited the stage of history gradually. Chinese became the mandarin actually. In this process, the advantage of Chinese, numberous users of chinese, the tendentiousness of the language policy to Chinese are all important.