社会保险管理体制与运行模式的国际比较

International Comparison on Management System and Operation Mode of Social Insurance

社会保险的管理体制是社会保险制度的组织保证。构建高效合理的社会保险管理体制,会对我国社会保险事业的发展产生重大而深远的影响。社会保险的管理体制主要通过明确不同管理机构的职责与权限来有效的落实和执行社会保险制度。本文通过对新加坡、德国、日本的社会保险管理体制与运行模式进行深入分析,在此基础上总结出了国际社会保险管理体制的三大类型——集中管理模式、分散管理模式与集散结合的管理模式,并将三种模式的特征、优点与局限进行了全面地比较,以期为我国社会保险管理体制的健全与发展提供有益的经验。

Management system of social insurance is the organization guarantee of social insurance system.It sets the definite duty and authority of different management organizations to implement and enforce the social insurance system,and achieve effective operation of social insurance mechanisms.This paper compares the operation model of social insurance management system in three representative samples of countries-- Singapore,Germany and Japan,and sums up the three major international types of social insurance management systems--centralized management model,decentralized management model and the combination model of both sides.The author compares the features,advantages and limitations of these three models in order to provide useful experience to improve and develop the management system of social insurance in China.