某三甲医院在职医护人员甲状腺结节流行病学调查研究

Epidemiological study of thyroid nodules for the medical working staffs in a grade 3A hospital

目的了解陕北地区某三甲医院在职医护人员甲状腺结节检出率及特征,并对其相关因素进行分析。方法应用彩色多普勒高频探头对该院1 921位在职医护人员进行甲状腺超声检查,有手术指征者进行细针穿刺及手术治疗,并送病检。结果 1 921例受检者中有391例检出甲状腺结节,检出率为20.4%。其中女317例,男74例。女性检出率明显高于男性(16.5%vs 3.9%)。女性不同年龄段的检出率也明显高于同年龄段男性(P<0.05)。50岁之前,随着年龄增长,结节检出率呈显著上升趋势。不同性别甲状腺结节大小及位置相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),单发结节及小结节比例明显增高。检出391例甲状腺结节患者中疑似甲状腺癌12例,其中4例经手术切除或穿刺活检送组织病检证实。结论某三甲医院医护人员甲状腺结节检出率较高,以小结节及单发结节为主,应引起高度重视,在健康体检中应普及甲状腺超声检查。

Objective To investigate the detection rate and characteristics of thyroid nodules in a grade 3A hospital staff, and to ana- lyze the related factors. Methods Color Doppler frequency probe was used to inspect the thyroid in the medical staffs of a grade 3A hospital. The subjects with the surgical indications received fine -needle aspiration or surgical treatment,and then the pathology of tis- sues was examined. Results Of 1 921 subjects,391 （317 female and 74 male）were positive for thyroid nodules with a detection rate of 20.4%. The detection rate was significantly higher in female than that of male （ 16.5% vs 3.9% ） . In different age groups ,the de- tection rate in female was significantly higher than that in male （ P 〈 0.05 ） . Below 50 years old, the detection rate of nodule showed a significant upward trend with the increase of age. The size and position of thyroid nodules were statistically significant in different gen- ders. The incidences of solital7 nodule and small nodules were higher. Of 391 cases, 12 cases were suspected thyroid cancer, of which 4 cases were confirmed thyroid cancer by surgical resection or biopsy after pathological examination. Conclusion The detection rate of thyroid nodules is higher in a grade 3A hospital. The thyroid nodules are mainly small and solitary nodules ,thyroid ultrasound examina- tion should be paid attention to in health examination.