家庭生命周期视角下的大都市郊区居民日常休闲特征——以北京市上地—清河地区为例

Suburban Daily Leisure Activities from the Perspective of Family Life Cycle: Case of Shangdi-Qinghe Area in Beijing

在郊区化和休闲大众化的背景下,休闲成为衡量郊区生活方式、提升郊区居民生活质量的重要侧面。从家庭生命周期的视角出发,将居民划分为单身、新婚、满巢Ⅰ、满巢Ⅱ和空巢5个阶段,通过对2012年北京市上地—清河地区居民的问卷调查数据的方差分析,剖析家庭生命周期对日常休闲行为的影响。乘坐公共交通与朋友一起进行购物、KTV和看电影等娱乐活动是单身阶段的主流休闲方式;家庭成员成为婚后阶段休闲的主要同伴;孩子出生以后,私家车出行成为满巢Ⅰ阶段的主要交通方式,每次休闲的平均时间变长;满巢Ⅱ阶段,参与体育锻炼的郊区居民变多;空巢阶段的居民以自然型休闲活动为主,在社区内休闲的比例上升,与家庭成员一起休闲的比例降低。

This paper highlights the perspective of family life cycle in analyzing suburbanites ’ habitual leisure choice , and divides family life cycle into five periods , that is ‘single-newly married-full nestⅠ-full nestⅡ-empty nest ’ using questionnaire data from traffic survey in Shangdi-Qinghe Area in Beijing ,2012 with the method of the a-nalysis of variance and its post hoc tests .The results show that , shopping , singing at KTV and watching movies with friends by public transport is major leisure style for singles , and findings in this stage also include less partici-pation in green space , less use of private car , higher ratio of alone leisure;entertainment dominates newly married couple the same as previous stage , and spouse becomes the main companion in leisure as a transition in the second stage;young parents mainly adopt private car for leisure travel and longer leisure each time compared with previous stage in full nestⅠstage; more suburbanites participate in physical activities in full nestⅡstage; suburbanites in empty nest stage prefer leisure activities in green space , more space in community and less company with family members.Therefore, family life cycle works as pragmatic perspective in understanding suburbanites ’ daily leisure.