比例推算法在国际食品法典农药最大残留限量评估中的应用

Development on the use of proportionality concept to estimate Codex maximum residue limits for pesticides

比例推算是指农药使用剂量与收获后农产品中的农药残留量之间具有一定的比例关系。假定该施药剂量与残留量的比例推算关系独立于作物类型、农药种类和施药方式,则超过临界良好农业规范(cGAP)标签范围±25%的施药剂量所导致的农药残留量将可以按比例进行归一化调整,从而增加了可用于评估农药最大残留限量(MRL)的残留数据。对国际食品法典农药残留委员会(CCPR)将比例推算应用于评估农药MRL的历史背景、制定过程以及最终提交给国际食品法典委员会(CAC)审议的比例推算应用指导原则的具体内容进行了综述,总结了采用比例推算法评估MRL的10项指导原则。使用比例推算法有利于增加评估农药MRL时的残留数据,推进农药MRL标准的制定进程。

A proportional relationship between pesticide application rate and residue on harvested commodity would imply that residues from field trials with higher or lower application rates could be proportionately adjusted by a corresponding factor. If such a relation can be demonstrated to be independent of crop, pesticide and type of application, then residue data from field trails conducted over a range of application rates could be normalized to label rate values. The background, process and principle on the use of proportionality approach to estimate maximum residue limits （MRLs） for pesticides by Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues （CCPR） were presented. Scaling is only acceptable if the application rate is the only deviation from critical GAP （cGAP）. Such a principle would increase the size of the residue database supporting the pesticide MRL.