上海市某区民办务工人员子弟学校午餐膳食评价

Nutrition Assessment on Lunch in Private Schools Serving Migrant Children in a District of Shanghai

[目的]了解上海市某区民办务工人员子弟学校的午餐营养供给情况,为其制定合理午餐膳食方案提供依据。[方法]采用称重法和记账法,调查记录该区全部10所务工人员子弟学校一周内连续5 d的午餐膳食情况。[结果]学校午餐膳食能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物、铁、维生素C高于推荐摄入量,分别为(4 397.8±1 030.9)kJ、(35.7±10.6)g、(124.2±31.8)g、(6.8±2.6)mg、(35.5±27.6)mg。钙、锌、维生素A、维生素B2等营养素均低于推荐摄入量标准,分别为(173.4±134.5)mg、(5.2±1.5)mg、(162.0±151.9)μg、(0.34±0.14)mg。蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物三大供能营养素供能比例不合理,第一类膳食模式分别为14.45%、42.32%和43.23%,第二类膳食模式分别为15.65%、21.96%和62.39%,第三类膳食模式分别为12.75%、31.13%和56.12%。[结论]上海市某区民办务工人员子弟小学午餐膳食结构不尽合理,营养素摄入不均衡,应增加食物多样性,提高午餐营养质量。

[ Objective ] To make a nutrition assessment on lunch provided by private primary schools for migrant workers＇ children in a district of Shanghai and to provide evidence for developing a reasonable lunch plan. [ Methods ] Using weighing method and accounting method, a lunch nutrition survey in 10 schools serving migrant children was carried out for consecutive five days in one week. [ Results ] The intakes of energy （4397.8 ± 1 030.9）kJ, protein （35.7 ±10.6）g, carbohydrate （124.2 ± 31.8）g, iron （6.8 ± 2.6）mg, and Vitamin C （35.5 ± 27.6）mg in the lunch samples of these schools were all higher than the recommended intake levels. However, the intakes of calcium （173.4 ± 134.5）mg, zinc （5.2 ± 1.5）mg, Vitamin A （162.0 ± 151.9）lag, and Vitamin B2 （0.34 ± 0.14）mg did not reach the recommended intake levels. The proportions of three main energy nutrients （carbohydrate, protein, and fats） were inappropriate, specifically, 14.45%, 42.32%, and 43.23% respectively for the first dietary pattern, 15.65%, 21.96%, and 62.39% for the second dietary pattern, and 12.75%, 31.13%, and 56.12% for the third dietary pattern. [ Conclusion ] The lunch plans in the primary schools serving migrant children have issues in inadequate nutrients intake due to inappropriate proportions among nutrients. These schools should increase food variety to improve nutritional quality of the lunch plans.