微生物制剂对中华鲟生长、消化酶及非特异性免疫酶活性的影响

Effects of Probiotics on Growth,and Activities of Digestive Enzymes and Enzymes Related to Non-specific Immunity in Chinese Sturgeon

在水温15．8～18．6℃下，研究了EM菌液对体质量（13．85±1．44）g中华鲟（Acipenser sinensis）生长、消化酶和非特异性免疫酶活性的影响。实验鱼随机分为对照组和试验组，每组3个重复，每个重复20尾，饲养在室内直径1m、高0．7m的圆形玻纤缸中，分别投喂基础饲料和含EM菌（5．0×10^9 CFU·kg-1饲料）的试验饲料。90d的饲养表明，试验组中华鲟的生长指标均大于对照组，其中增重率及特定增重率显著大于对照组（P〈0．05）；试验组鱼淀粉酶、脂肪酶及胃蛋白酶活性均大于对照组，其中试验组肝、胃中淀粉酶活性比对照组高46％和79％、脂肪酶活性高52％和246％，肠、胃中蛋白酶活性比对照组高54％和48％，均呈显著差异（P〈0．05）。试验组鱼肝中过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均显著大于对照组（P〈0．05），分别提高了29％、33％和34％，脾中除POD外，其他酶活性与肝中相同，但试验组鱼肝、脾中MDA含量比对照组分别小了47％和44％，呈显著性差异（P〈0．05），溶菌酶活性无明显变化（P〉0．05）。由此得出，在饲料中添加EM菌液可提高子中华鲟的消化酶及非特异性免疫酶的活性，促进生长。

The effects of EM compound probiotics on growth, and activities of digestive enzymes and enzymes related to non-specific immunity in Chinese sturgeon （Acipenser sinensis Gray） were studied in this experiment. One hundred and twenty healthy Chinese sturgeon juveniles with body weight of （ 13.85 ±1.44） g were reared in cylindrical tanks （0.7 m in height and 1 m in diameter） and fed basal diet in control group and the basal diet supplemented with EM compound probiotics at a dose of 5.0× 10^9cfu .kg-1 in the experi- mental group at feeding rate of 1.5% for 90 days with triplication and 20 fish per replicate at water temperature of 15.8-18.6℃. The results showed that there were significantly higher weight gain rate and specific weight gain rate in the experimental group than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. The activities of amylase in the liver and stomach are 46%, 79% higher than the control group respectively, 52%, 246% higher than the control group in lipase and the activities ofproteas in intestinal tract and stomach are 54%, 48% higer than the control group respectively, all above were found to be significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. The fish had significantly higher activities of peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and catalase （CAT） in the liver in the experimental group than those in the control group （P〈0.05） and increased by 29%, 33% and 34% respectively. Except for the POD activity, the same case was observed in the activities of the other enzymes in spleen. However, the content of MDA in the experimental group was found to be significantly lower than that in the control group by 47% and 44%, though no significant difference was in the activity of lysozyme. The findings indicate that the dietary EM compound probiotics can promote activities of the digestive enzymes and the antioxidant enzymes and growth in Chinese sturgeon.