高原地区不同习服时间士兵体能状况的调查与评估

Investigation and evaluation on physical stamina status in soldiers with different adaption periods in high altitude areas

目的 :了解高原地区不同习服时间士兵的体质、体能状况 ,为加强高原地区值勤士兵的体能训练与卫生保障提供一定的科学依据。方法 :选择驻地海拔为 36 0 0 m的西藏某部男性士兵 2 82人 ,按入伍进藏时间 ,分为老兵组 ,143人 ,平均进藏时间 (1.45± 0 .2 2 )年 ;新兵组 ,139人 ,平均进藏时间 (0 .33± 0 .0 0 )年 ,分别进行体质量、胸围、立定跳远、引体向上、10 0 m跑和30 0 0 m跑等项目的测试 ,以国家军用标准《部队健康综合评价》和《士兵体能的测定和评价》为准 ,对所调查士兵进行体质、体能状况的评估。结果 :所调查的高原地区值勤的新、老士兵群体体质指数基本达到国家军用标准的要求 ,属中等水平。老兵组立定跳远和 10 0 m跑 ,与国家军用标准相比无显著差别 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,引体向上和 30 0 0 m跑显著低于国家军用标准 (P<0 .0 1)。新兵组引体向上、10 0 m跑和 30 0 0 m跑诸项目显著低于国家军用标准 (P<0 .0 1) ,且在引体向上和 30 0 0 m跑 2项目上显著低于老兵组 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1)。 结论 :高原地区值勤新、老士兵体质基本达到国家军用标准的要求 ,属中等水平。入伍 1年以上的士兵有较好的爆发力 ,但需要加强耐力及有氧训练能力 ;新入伍的士兵则需提高机体对高原缺氧环境的耐受能力 ,尽早完成?

Objective: To investigate constitutional and physical stamina status in soldiers with different adaption periods in Tibetan areas. Methods: Two hundred and eithty two male soldiers from a barracks at an elevation of 3 600 m were divided into 2 groups: the veteran group ( n =143) in Tibet for 1.45±0.22 year, and the recruit group ( n =139) in Tibet for 0 33±0.00 years. The test items included body weight, cirumference, standing long jump, chin up, 100 m dash and 3 000 m jogging, all were evaluated according to the national military standard, which were Comprehensive Evaluation of Health in Troops, and Examination and Evaluation of the Physical Stamina of Soldiers. Results: The physical stamina indexes of both the veterans and the recruits were up to the national military norm on the whole, ranking as moderate. The veteran group showed no significant difference in standing long jump and 100 m dash,( P <0.05), but obvious lower level in chin up and 3 000 m jogging( P <0.01), compared with the national military norm. The recruit group showed significant lower level in chin up, 100 m dash, 3 000 m jogging as compared with the national military norm( P <0.01), and also significant lower level in chin up and 3 000 m jogging ( P <0.05 or P <0.01) as compared with the veteran group. Conclusion: The physical stamina of both the veterans and the recruits meet the basic national military requirements, ranking as moderate. The soldiers who have been in service for over 1 year have better explosive force, but they need more tolerance and aerobic exercises. The newly recruited need more exercise to raise tolerance to the hypoxic environment in plateau areas so as to shorten the adaption time to high altitude. [