非平衡相变的临界标度律

The critical Scaling Laws of Nonequilibrium Phase Transform

标度思想同样适用于非平衡相变系统,在非平衡相变临界点邻域内,存在着与之相适应的标度律。本文在一般非平衡相变系统规格化模型的基础上,注意到非平衡相变与平衡相变临界行为的相似性,定义了一组临界指数来刻划非平衡相变的临界行为,并导出了非平衡临界的标度关系,在一定程度上揭示了非平衡相变的临界特征。讨论了两种临界现象的差别与联系,将平衡临界的标度律做为非平衡临界的标度律的一种特例含于同一理论体系中。

The scaling ideology is also suitable for the nonequilibium phase transfition systems. There are relevant scaling laws in the vicinity of critical point for nonequilibrium phase transition. The basis of this paper is the standardized model of the general nonequilibrium phase transition systems. The similarities of critical phenomena between nonequilibrium and equilibrium are notied. A group of critical exponents are defined to describe the critical behaviors of the nonequilibrium phase transition. And the nonequilibrium critical scaling relations are derived. To some extent, the critical charac- teristics of the nonequilibrium phase transition are revealed. In addition, the relations and differences between two critical phenomena are discussed. The equilibrium critical sc aling laws are included in our unified theory as a special case of the nonequilibrium ones.