多重反应监测(MRM):靶标蛋白质定量的新方法

Multiple reaction monitoring(MRM): a quantitative approach to target proteins

多重反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring,MRM)是针对靶标分子的一种质谱分析技术.该技术采用三重四级杆质谱仪,检测靶标分子的母离子和子离子的质谱响应信号,从而获取较灵敏和高重现性的定性和定量信息,近年来在蛋白质组学领域得到了广泛应用.与全谱性的蛋白质组学分析不同,MRM注重有限目标的蛋白质定量测定,因此,它在蛋白质分析检测领域中的应用极有发展潜力.在临床检验中,酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)是蛋白质定量分析的常规技术,但是ELISA在多重蛋白质生物标志物的测定方面具有一定限制.随着蛋白质组学的深入进行,MRM的定量分析优势可否应用于临床检测已提至日程,世界范围内多个研究团队一直致力于推动这一领域的发展,也取得了令人瞩目的成就.本文简单介绍了MRM技术的原理、优势及发展前景等,同时,对其在蛋白质组学研究及临床应用中的潜力进行了讨论.

As a targeted mass spectrometric technology, multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） exploits the unique capabilities of triple quadrupole （QQQ） MS for quantitative analysis of given molecules. It utilizes the first and the third quadrupoles as filters to specifically select predefined m/z values corresponding to the parent ion and a specific daughter ion, by which MRM achieves with high sensitivity and high reproducibility. In the recent years, MRM has received great attention in the field of proteomics studies. Unlike shot-gun proteomics, MRM aims at quantification of target proteins, so it has great prospects in proteomics. Although ELISA is the traditional targeted protein quantification technology and is widely used in clinical assays, it has some bottlenecks, especially in detecting multiplex proteins. Concerning the capabilities of MRM, many research groups have tried to introduce this technique to clinical detections, and great progressions have been achieved. However, does MRM could be feasibly utilized in clinical samples, especially sera, and what are the advantages of this technique compare to ELISA？ In this paper, a brief introduction of the principles, advantages and prospect of MRM is given, and its potential in proteomic researches and clinical applications is also discussed.