油田污水水垢控制器除防垢机理研究及其应用效果分析

The Research on Oilfield Scale Controller Mechanism and Application Effect

近年来,由于油田采出液含水率上升,含油污水深度处理越来越困难,采用常规含油污水处理系统处理污水通常会造成过滤罐阻塞和溢流,从而导致其处理能力下降。高频电磁水垢控制器是一种主要用于除垢及防垢的装置,在油田污水处理系统中得到广泛应用。其机理是向污水加一足够强度电压后,感应偶极矩的出现使污水介质的硬度下降,流动性变好;在交替变化的电磁场中,带有正负电荷的水分子团被反复极化以至于和外加电磁场发生共振,最终成为稳定的双水分子,其使过去形成的片状方解石晶体形成细小、松软的针状的文石晶体,并随水流冲走;双水分子渗透到污垢与容器壁之间,在动态溶解平衡过程中利用其与金属材料膨胀率的不同,使原有的污垢逐渐松软、龟裂、脱落、排除。在过滤罐入口端安装高频电磁水垢控制器后,结垢沉积量和结垢沉积速率略有降低,说明水垢控制器在抑制垢沉积上有一定效果;水垢控制器前端沉积物主要为钙垢,后端沉积物主要为铁垢。

In recent years,due to the increase in the water cut of liquids produced by oilfields,the deep treatment of oily sewage has become increasingly difficult.The use of conventional oily sewage treatment sys- tems usually results in clogging and overflow of filtering tanks,in turn undermining the system＇s sewage treatment capacity.The high-frequency electromagnetic scale controller is a device primarily used for removing and preventing scale and has been widely used in oilfield sewage treatment systems.The working principle of the device is：After applying a high enough voltage to the sewage ,the presence of dipole moment will reduce the hardness of sewage medium ,thus increasing the fluidity of the sewage ;in the alternatively changing elec- tromagnetic fields,the water molecular group can＇ying positive and negative charges is repeatedly polarized, resonates with added electric and magnetic fields,and finally becomes stable dimer water vapour.Consequently, flaky calcite crystals that were formed before will turn into thin and fluffy needlelike arogonite crystals and be washed away by water;and dimer water vapour, after permeating between fouling and the wall of the ves- sel,will make the fouling gradually become fluffy,chap,fall off,and be removed during dynamic solubility e- quilibrium through the effect of different expansion rates of dimer water vapour and metalic materials.After the installation of a high-frequency electromagnetic scale controller at the inlet of the filtering tank, both the scale deposition volume and rate dropped slightly,meaning that the scale controller is effective in reducing scale deposition.Most of the sediments in front of the scale controller are calcium scale and those behind the scale controller were iron scale.