驻华北战区部队生活饮用水总硬度卫生学分析

Hygienic analysis on the total hardness of drinking water in North China Area Army

目的了解华北战区部队自备水源总硬度含量分布状况。方法选取华北战区245个部队自备水源，依据GB／T5750—2006（（生活饮用水卫生标准》进行水中总硬度检测，依据GB／T5749—2006（生活饮用水卫生标准》与GB／T14848—1993（地下水质量标准》对检测结果进行评定。结果245个部队自备水源总硬度平均值为309mg／L，范围为46—887mg／L，超标率为17．55％，其中Ⅳ类水占8．98％，V类水占8．57％。河北、内蒙古总硬度值分别351±194和339±193，超标率均为25．00％，与其他地区比较，差异有统计学意义（F值=4．321，P〈0．01；χ2=11．039，P〈0．05）。3种类型水源水质硬度差异有统计学意义（χ2=14．91，P〈0．01），地表水（泉水）硬度全部合格，深层地下水高于浅层地下水。结论华北战区地下水总硬度总体较高，部队应根据实际情况，合理选择水源或采取水质改善措施。

[ Objective ] To explore the distribution of total hardness of self-supply underground water in the North China Area Army. [ Methods]245 wells of self-supply underground water were collected from the North China Area Army. The total hardness of water was detected based on the Drinking water sanitary standard { GB/T 5750-2006 ）, and the detection results were evaluated according the Drinking water sanitary standard （ GB/T 5749-2006 ） and the Quality standard for ground water （ GB/T 14848-1993 ）. [ Results] The average level of total hardness from the 245 wells of self-supply underground water was 309 rag/L, the range was between 46 mg/L and 887 mg/L, and the over standard rate was 17.55%. The type IV water accounted for 8.98%, and type V water accounted for 8.57%. The level of total hardness in Hebei and Inner Mongolia was （351 ± 194） mg/L and （339 ＋ 193） mg/L respectively, with the over standard rate of 25.00%, which were significantly higher than those in other regions （ F = 4. 321, P〈0.01;X2 = 11. 039, P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was significant difference in the total hardness among 3 types of water source （X2 = 14.91, P 〈0.01）. The hardness of surface water and spring were all qualified, and the qualified rate of deep groundwater was higher than that of shallow groundwater. [ Conclusion] The total hardness of underground water in the North China Area Army is generally high. The troop should choose the appropriate water sources and carry out the improvement measures of water quality ac- cording to the actual situation.